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Juncus effusus subsp. effusus

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Monocots Order: Poales Family: Juncaceae Genus: Juncus

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Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form:

Stems:

Roots:

Leaves:

Flowers:

Fruit:

Ploidy:

Habitat:

Elevation Range:

Historical Distribution

Images

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Synonyms (33)

Juncus bogotensis Kunth (1816)
Juncus bogotensis var. compactus (Hoppe ex Mert. & W.D.J.Koch) Farw. (1927)
Juncus communis subsp. effusus Bonnier & Layens (1894)
Juncus communis var. parviflorus Rouy (1912)
Juncus communis var. pauciflorus (Lej. & Courtois) Rouy (1912)
Juncus communis var. subglomeratus (DC.) Boenn. (1824)
Juncus conglomeratus laxus G.Mey. (1836)
Juncus effusus atratus Asch. & Graebn. (1904)
Juncus effusus compactus Hoppe ex Mert. & W.D.J.Koch (1826)
Juncus effusus elatus Asch. & Graebn. (1904)
Juncus effusus f. prolifer (Sond.) Hegi (1909)
Juncus effusus f. zebrinus (André) Hegi (1909)
Juncus effusus laxiflorus Cout. (1890)
Juncus effusus pauciflorus (Lej. & Courtois) Reichg. (1964)
Juncus effusus spiralis Rob. (1871)
Juncus effusus subsp. fistulosus (Guss.) K.Richt. (1890)
Juncus effusus var. compactus (Hoppe ex Mert. & W.D.J.Koch) Wimm. & Grab. (1827)
Juncus effusus var. dasyanthelus K.Koch (1848)
Juncus effusus var. elatus (Asch. & Graebn.) I.Grint. (1966)
Juncus effusus var. fistulosus (Guss.) Buchenau (1880)
Juncus effusus var. longibracteatus A.Fern. & R.Fern. (1949)
Juncus effusus var. macranthelus K.Koch (1848)
Juncus effusus var. oblongicarpus Vayr. (1931)
Juncus effusus var. pauciflorus Lej. & Courtois (1831)
Juncus effusus var. prolifer Sond. (1850)
Juncus effusus var. subglomeratus DC. (1805)
Juncus fistulosus Guss. (1826)
Juncus lucens Burnham (1845)
Juncus luxurians Colenso (1887)
Juncus mauritianus Bojer (1837)
Juncus zebrinus André (1880)
Scirpus capsularis Lour. (1790)
Tristemon conglomeratus Raf. (1838)

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Naturalized

Island Status

Kaua'i Naturalized
O'ahu Naturalized
Molokai Naturalized
Maui Naturalized
Hawai'i Naturalized

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Description Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Juncus effusus subsp. effusus Hawaii Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. Hawaii BISH
2 Juncus effusus subsp. effusus unknown Preserved_Specimen Rock, J.F.C. BISH
3 Juncus effusus subsp. effusus Hawaii Preserved_Specimen Forbes, C.N. Hawaii BISH
4 Juncus effusus subsp. effusus Waikamoi Flume, road's end Preserved_Specimen Gagné, B.H. Maui BISH 1999-07-16
5 Juncus effusus subsp. effusus Proposed Puu Ohu Reservoir, Kohala Mountains Preserved_Specimen Corn, C. Hawaii BISH 1984-03-27
6 Juncus effusus subsp. effusus West Maui, Puu Kukui Preserved_Specimen Krajina, V.J. 620418048 Maui BISH 1962-04-18
7 Juncus effusus subsp. effusus Keauhou Ranch, Kau District, beside Puu oo Trail Growing in pond near water tank in Pennisetum clandestinum - Anthoxanthum odoratum - Axonopus affinis pasture. Preserved_Specimen Large 2 1/2 - 3' tall. Cuddihy, L.W. 462 Hawaii BISH 1980-05-20
8 Juncus effusus subsp. effusus Hanalei District. Kokee Pihea Trail Growing along trail larger populations in muddy, disturbed, high traffic areas. Dicranopteris linearis, Metrosideros polymorpha, Preserved_Specimen Stems green, upright, cyllindrical, growing in clumps. Very small greenish-brown scaly flowers Jablonski, J. 40 Kauai BISH 2023-08-02
9 Juncus effusus subsp. effusus Hilo Forest Reserve, Hilo Watershed, along jeep trail to Wailuku Stream Common in wet areas. Preserved_Specimen Forming dense tufts. Herbst, D.R. 5147 Hawaii BISH 1975-01-14
10 Juncus effusus subsp. effusus Ainapo to Puu Pili, Kapapala, Kau District Established by muddy watering hole. Preserved_Specimen Clumps 4 dm. diam. St.John, H. 18451 Hawaii BISH 1937-12-21
11 Juncus effusus subsp. effusus Boundary road between Kapapala Forest Reserve and Kapapala Ranch, Kau District Growing in standing water on jeep road through open `ohi`a - koa forest. Preserved_Specimen Rush about 2' tall. Cuddihy, L.W. 825 Hawaii BISH 1981-07-02
12 Juncus effusus subsp. effusus Kokee State Park, between Pihea trail and Pihea peak Metrosideros dominated wet forest with Cheirodendron, Vaccinium, Sadleria, and Clermontia. Preserved_Specimen Erect her; stems glossy green, whitish green at base; spikelets whitish. Pith appears to be solid. Flynn, T.W. 7395 Kauai BISH 2008-05-21
13 Juncus effusus subsp. effusus Haelaau Puukukui Trail Amongst ferns. Preserved_Specimen Woolford, H.A. Maui BISH 1956-08-20
14 Juncus effusus subsp. effusus Kau District Growing on edge of pond. Preserved_Specimen Height 0.5 m. Gagné, W.C. 624 Hawaii BISH 1972-04-23
15 Juncus effusus subsp. effusus Kamakou Flats Abundant in moist gully. Preserved_Specimen Crosby, M.R. 1639 Molokai BISH 1964-07-03
16 Juncus effusus subsp. effusus West Maui, Puu Kukui Trail. In open bogs. Preserved_Specimen Hobdy, R.W. 3234 Maui BISH 1991-07-31
17 Juncus effusus subsp. effusus Mount Kaala, Waianae Mts., Oahu, Hawaii Growing on the edge of a drainage depression, audible flowing water beneath. Preserved_Specimen Tall green spikes with brown, branched inflorescences just below tip of spike. Crago, L.M. 2005238 Oahu BISH 2005-11-22
18 Juncus effusus subsp. effusus Keauhou Ranch (T-KO), Kau district Marshy pastureland. Preserved_Specimen Rush, 2 to 3 ft. tall. Cuddihy, L.W. 12 Hawaii BISH 1979-10-24
19 Juncus effusus subsp. effusus Near beginning of Hanalilolilo Trail, Kamakou Preserve (Nature Conservancy) Common in middle of muddy trail. Preserved_Specimen Wagner, W.L. 5409 Molokai BISH 1984-07-17
20 Juncus effusus subsp. effusus North Kohala District; Hawi Quadrangle, Parker Ranch. Stock ponds in vicinity of Kehena Reservoir Emergent vegetation growing along shore & standing water. Floating submergent. Preserved_Specimen Engilis Jr., A. 9216 Hawaii BISH 1992-06-08
21 Juncus effusus subsp. effusus Mauna Kea, about 200 m up the access road on right side. Dry, pasture type habitat dominated by invasive grass. Preserved_Specimen One clump seen about 4 m wide. Stamens 3. Faccenda, K. 3597 Hawaii BISH 2024-07-10
22 Juncus effusus subsp. effusus 1/4 mi N of Saddle road, Hilo Forest Reserve Dicranopteris emarginata, Eleocharis, Carex, Cheirodendron and Metrosideros. Preserved_Specimen Higashino, P.K. 7037 Hawaii BISH 1978-03-10
23 Juncus effusus subsp. effusus W Maui, Puu Kukui Trail Trail through the bog, not common. Preserved_Specimen Wilbur, R.L. 840 Maui BISH 1948-06-26
24 Juncus effusus subsp. effusus bog just S of the Wailuku River in the Hilo Forest Reserve South Hilo District Growing with Juncus planifolius, Andropogon, Carex, and Scirpus. Preserved_Specimen Growing in scattered patches. Height 5 ft., vigor excellent. Clarke, G. 593 Hawaii BISH 1981-05-20
25 Juncus effusus subsp. effusus Waimea District: Beside Alakai Swamp trail, in the first bog encountered along the trail. Infestation spreading along Alakai swamp and Pihea trails from the densest infestation near Pihea peak. Growing in disturbed soil/pools of water under open open canopy in bog vegetation along the Alakai swamp trail where boardwalk is broken. Metrosideros polymorpha, Drosera anglica, Xyris complanata, Dicranopteris linearis. Preserved_Specimen Erect rush approximately 45 cm tall forming discrete clumps or dense mats; sheaths reddish-brown at base, pith is solid throughout the clum. Culm dark green; smells like cucumber when damaged. Brock, K. 705 Kauai BISH 2015-09-01
26 Juncus effusus subsp. effusus Puu o Kaeha, Kawela Open, boggy spaces and along pig trail. Preserved_Specimen St.John, H. 12512 Molokai BISH 1987-10-22
27 Juncus effusus subsp. effusus Kamakou Preserve; W fork of stream just E of Kawela Ridge, along upper reaches of gulch and ridge leading to Puu o Kaeha In stream bed. Low, mixed wet forest w/Metrosideros dominant, also Ilex, Xylosma, Psychotria, and Syzygium. Preserved_Specimen Perennial forming dense clumps. Lorence, D.H. 5627 Molokai BISH 1987-10-22
28 Juncus effusus subsp. effusus Piihonua; Puu Oo Ranch, Kipuka Forest Wet-mesic; boggy area of pasture next to a koa-ohia forest. Preserved_Specimen Pacheco, P. Hawaii BISH 1994-09-15
29 Juncus effusus subsp. effusus Piihonua; Hilo Forest Reserve, Site 23 OS Stunted ohia wetland dieback; assoc. spp.: Metrosideros polymorpha, Ilex anomala, Myrsine lessertiana, M. sandwicensis, Cheirodendron trigynum & Pelea clusiifolia. Soil a moderately deep yet poorly drained organic/ash found on a pahoehoe flow. Preserved_Specimen Adee, K.T. Hawaii BISH 1979-06-29
30 Juncus effusus subsp. effusus Kahuku-Ainapo Trail, Kahuku, Mauna Loa Swampy place. Preserved_Specimen Hosaka, E.Y. 1457 Hawaii BISH 1936-07-28
31 Juncus effusus subsp. effusus W Maui, Lahaina District, Puu Kukui Trail Preserved_Specimen Stem pith solid. Hobdy, R.W. 2796 Maui BISH 1987-04-19
32 Juncus effusus subsp. effusus Puu Kolekole Trail Preserved_Specimen Hobdy, R.W. 3077 Molokai BISH 1989-08-11
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